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PHP 食堂随机点餐
记得那年，青葱的我加入了生鲜水果团队。刚好公司成立不久，正处招兵买马阶段，员工先后有隔壁的老王，一口蹩脚粤语的东北大哥和初入社会装逼十足中二小青年，加上我，公司组成了水果4F天团。
公司的建立正好在生鲜水果赛道初期，给了足够时间让成员磨合。到了中期，赛道的玩家都杀红了眼，每周都推出活动，即要拉新又要留住旧用户，疯狂的让利补贴。推陈出新的活动，导致我们每周任务直接拉满，忙的经常加班加点。导致吃什么时候，不想思考了，不知谁提了一句，要不要我们弄个随机点餐程序。
是的，随机点餐程序其实在那个时候有想法，后来太忙，忙得下班都不想敲代码。再后来公司压中了新晋赛道，直接腾飞。忙变得更忙了，人员的增多，公司整体气氛变得浮燥，直到离开公司未能完成该项目。
需求始终存在，不经意间一次交流，遗忘的记忆终归唤醒。在编写程序前，先介绍下食堂情况：10元任点3样菜，白饭任加，例汤任喝。需要随机的是3样菜式，根据菜的类型，分别为：大荤、小荤和素菜。
食堂菜谱：
PHP$data = array(
'0' => array( 'id' => 0, 'name' => '百味结红烧肉','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'1' => array( 'id' => 1, 'name' => '红烧排骨','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'2' => array( 'id' => 2, 'name' => '回锅肉','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'3' => array( 'id' => 3, 'name' => '糖醋排骨','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'4' => array( 'id' => 4, 'name' => '四喜肉','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'5' => array( 'id' => 5, 'name' => '炸鸡翅','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'6' => array( 'id' => 6, 'name' => '口水鸡','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'7' => array( 'id' => 7, 'name' => '酱鸭','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'8' => array( 'id' => 8, 'name' => '板栗鸡块','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'9' => array( 'id' => 9, 'name' => '炸鸡腿','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'10' => array( 'id' => 10, 'name' => '剁椒青鱼','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'11' => array( 'id' => 11, 'name' => '水煮鱼片','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'12' => array( 'id' => 12, 'name' => '芝麻鱼肉','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'13' => array( 'id' => 13, 'name' => '清蒸鱼段','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'14' => array( 'id' => 14, 'name' => '咸菜烧带鱼','type'=> 0, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'15' => array( 'id' => 15, 'name' => '肉末粉皮','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'16' => array( 'id' => 16, 'name' => '肉末茄子','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'17' => array( 'id' => 17, 'name' => '烂糊肉丝','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'18' => array( 'id' => 18, 'name' => '黄瓜炒蛋','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'19' => array( 'id' => 19, 'name' => '番茄炒蛋','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'20' => array( 'id' => 20, 'name' => '豇豆肉丝','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'21' => array( 'id' => 21, 'name' => '笋丝雪菜肉丝','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'22' => array( 'id' => 22, 'name' => '百叶包','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'23' => array( 'id' => 23, 'name' => '青椒肉丝','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'24' => array( 'id' => 24, 'name' => '花菜肉片','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'25' => array( 'id' => 25, 'name' => '平菇炒鸡片','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'26' => array( 'id' => 26, 'name' => '干烧豇豆','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'27' => array( 'id' => 27, 'name' => '玉米鸡丁','type'=> 1, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'28' => array( 'id' => 28, 'name' => '红烧冬瓜','type'=> 2, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'29' => array( 'id' => 29, 'name' => ' 红烧豆腐','type'=> 2, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'30' => array( 'id' => 30, 'name' => ' 炒白菜','type'=> 2, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'31' => array( 'id' => 31, 'name' => ' 炒冬瓜 ','type'=> 2, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'32' => array( 'id' => 32, 'name' => '粉丝包菜 ','type'=> 2, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'33' => array( 'id' => 33, 'name' => '土豆青椒丝','type'=> 2, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'34' => array( 'id' => 34, 'name' => '青椒炒香干','type'=> 2, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'35' => array( 'id' => 35, 'name' => '香菜粉皮','type'=> 2, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'36' => array( 'id' => 36, 'name' => '油焖茄子','type'=> 2, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'37' => array( 'id' => 37, 'name' => '剁椒包菜 ','type'=> 2, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
'38' => array( 'id' => 38, 'name' => '蒜泥炒白菜','type'=> 2, 'status' => 1,'weight' => 1),
);
不同的人，有不同的口味。有些菜别人无法接受，拒绝尝试，status状态控制菜是否加入菜谱；有些菜有别人喜欢吃，恨不得天天都吃上一口，weight权重控制菜出现频次。随机点餐的核心算法不言而喻：随机权重算法。
不要小看随机权重算法，曾用该方法开发过抽奖游戏，维持老用户不离不弃。简单来说，该算法简单易懂，实用。扯远了，继续回归主题。考虑到人的口味，预设模式：肉食主义、均衡主义和素食主义。
Food 随机权重类
PHPclass Food {
private static $model = array(
'meat' => array(
'0' => array('id'=> 0,'type'=>'大荤','weight'=>100),
'1' => array('id'=> 1,'type'=>'小荤','weight'=>0),
'2' => array('id'=> 2,'type'=>'素菜','weight'=>0),
),
'balance' => array(
'0' => array('id'=> 0,'type'=>'大荤','weight'=>10),
'1' => array('id'=> 1,'type'=>'小荤','weight'=>80),
'2' => array('id'=> 2,'type'=>'素菜','weight'=>10),
),
'vegetable' => array(
'0' => array('id'=> 0,'type'=>'大荤','weight'=>0),
'1' => array('id'=> 1,'type'=>'小荤','weight'=>0),
'2' => array('id'=> 2,'type'=>'素菜','weight'=>100),
)
);
public function __construct(){
}
/**
* 获取随机模式数据
* @method getModel
* @param {String} $key 关键字
* @return Array
*/
private static function getModelData($key) {
return self::$model[$key];
}
/**
* 重构随机数组
* @method resetRandData
* @param {Array} $data 数组
* @param {String} $field 字段
* @return Array
*/
private static function resetRandData($data, $field = 'weight') {
foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
$arr[$key] = $value[$field];
}
return $arr;
}
/**
* 获取随机数下标
* @method getRand
* @param {Array} $data 数组
* @return int|string
*/
private static function getRandSub($data) {
$result = '';
$total = array_sum($data); //计算数组中元素的和
//概率数组循环
foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
$num = mt_rand(1, $total);
if ($num <= $value) { //如果这个随机数小于等于数组中的一个元素，则返回数组的下标
$result = $key;
break;
} else {
$total -= $value;
}
}
unset ($data);
return $result;
}
/**
* 获取模式
* @method getModel
* @param {String} $key 关键字
* @return Array
*/
public static function getModel($key) {
$data = self::getModelData($key);
$rand = self::resetRandData($data);
$index = self::getRandSub($rand);
return $data[$index];
}
/**
* 获取随机食物
* @method getRandFood
* @param {Array} $data 数组
* @param {String} $type 菜的类型
* @return Array
*/
public static function getRandFood($data, $type) {
$tmp = [];
foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
if($value['type'] == $type && $value['status'] == 1) {
array_push($tmp,$value);
}
}
$rand = self::resetRandData($tmp);
$index = self::getRandSub($rand);
return $tmp[$index];
}
/**
* 获得点餐
* @method getOrder
* @param {Array} $data 数组
* @param {String} $type 菜的类型
* @param {Nubmer} $num
* @return String
*/
public static function getOrder($data, $type, $num = 2) {
$result = '';
for($i = 0; $i < $num; $i++) {
$item = self::getRandFood($data,$type);
$data = self::removeData($data,$item['id']);
$result .= $item['name'].',';
}
return trim($result,',');
}
/**
* 移除数组
* @method removeData
* @param {String} $data 数组
* @param {String} $id 菜id
* @return mixed
*/
private static function removeData($data, $id) {
foreach($data as $key => $value) {
if($value['id'] == $id) {
array_splice($data, $key, 1);
break;
}
}
return $data;
}
}
在随机点菜前，先分下大类，再从菜谱选菜，保证每个菜式不重样。
PHP$key = 'balance';
$model = Food::getModel($key);
$result = Food::getOrder($data, $model['id'],3);
print_r('K酱食堂开业了
');
print_r('10元3菜任点，白饭任加
');
print_r('今天中午准备吃：');
print_r($result);
随机模式设置均衡主义，有时出现点了三个大荤，出人意料啊！随机权重点餐投产前还需要多调整权重下，降低/抬高某个大类的权重。除了权重微调外，食堂有个不可避免的状况，食堂每日售卖的菜品，需要额外实时调整数据。
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